Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 19 Apr 2011

Assessments of Urban Flood Problems by Residents of Slums and Squatter Settlements: Benin City, Nigeria, vs. Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Page Range: 136 – 154
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.1.2.xj80485271r03780
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Urban flood problems in Benin City and Dhaka were assessed by flood-vulnerable residents of slums and squatter settlements, primarily by using the Likert scale rating for environmental impacts of accumulation of surface runoff in eroded street pavements and in adjacent depressions. Data dealing with residents' assessments of various components of the flood problems, including the Likert scale scores, were obtained from a systematic sample survey among 467 respondents, drawn from three sample neighhourhoods in each community. A number of multivariate and logistic regressions confirmed the central assumption of the study that lay assessments of urban flood problems—in particular their preferences for flood alleviation measures—were influenced significantly by respondents' experience of the problems. The latter, assessed as respondents' estimates of the frequency, duration, and magnitude of flooding inside their homes and in the surrounding area, demonstrated significant relationships with different components of housing. Since there was a fundamental difference between the two communities in their housing characteristics—low-quality structures in poorly maintained neighbourhoods in Benin City vs. squatter settlements in Dhaka—urban flood problems seemed to have different contexts for these communities; specifically, these were legitimate municipal issues for the former and the outcome of unauthorized occupancy of marginal urban lands for the latter.

Les problèmes d'inondation en milieu urbain à Benin (Nigeria) et à Dacca (Bangladesh) ont été évalués par des résidents exposés aux inondations des quartiers pauvres et des implantations de squatters, en utilisant principalement les catégories de l'échelle de Likert pour caractériser les impacts envir-onnementaux de l'accumulation des écoulements de surface sur des chaussées érodées et les dépressions adjacentes. Les données concernant les évaluations des différentes composantes des problèmes d'inondation par les résidents, y compris les scores sur l'échelle de Likert, ont été obtenues auprès d'un échantillon systématique de 467 personnes sélectionnées dans trois quartiers d'étude dans chaque communauté. Plusieurs régressions multivariates et logistiques confirment l'hypothése centrale de cette étude: l'évaluation des problèmes d'inondation par des profanes en la matière, en particulier leurs préférences pour certaines mesures de modération des inondations, est influencée par leur expérience de ces problèmes. Cette dernière est établie sur la base de l'estimation faite par les personnes interrogées de la fréquence, de la durée et de l'ampleur des inondations dans leur foyer et ses environs, démontrant des relations significatives entre les différentes composantes de l'habitat. Étant données les différences fondamentales entre les deux communautés en ce qui concernent les caractéristiques de l'habitat (des structures de mauvaise qualité dans des quartiers mal-entretenus de Benin, face aux implantations de squatters de Dacca) les problèmes d'inondation en milieu urbain semblent avoir des contextes différents pour ces communautés. En particulier, ces problèmes sont des problématiques municipales légitimes à Benin, alors qu'ils sont le résultat de l'occupation illégale de terrains urbains de moindre importance à Dacca.

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