Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 24 Feb 2011

Landscapes of Power: British Enclosure and the Palestinian Geography

Page Range: 189 – 211
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.10.3-4.q76672v0152431k7
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This article explores one of the most fundamental relationships in human geography, the interplay of power and space, in reinterpreting the landscape of enclosure in Palestine today by comparing it to the landscape of the British enclosures in the 18th century. The question addressed in this article is, How does the exercise of power assume attributes on the land? In this argument, enclosing and remaking landscapes is a historically enduring practice of power consisting of two basic elements: a legal element that redefines rights of property by reorganizing systems of ownership, use, access, and socio-economic relations on the land and architectural elements that complement legalities of property and reshape the landscape itself. British landowners and Israeli Zionists are parallel actor groups, using law and the architectural environment as instruments to weaken the anchors holding less powerful groups to land, substituting themselves as the land's rightful owners and stewards, and remaking life on the landscape. The article concludes by revealing how the enclosure of landscapes conforms to the aims of modern power holders, from capitalist-minded English landowners to nationalist-inspired Israeli Zionists.

Cet article examine une des relations fondamentales en géographie humaine — l'interaction entre pouvoir et espace - en réinterprétant le paysage des enclosures en Palestine aujourd'hui en les comparant avec le paysage des enclosures britanniques au XVIIIe siècle. Cette contribution aborde la question suivante : comment l'exercice du pouvoir présuppose-t-il certaines caractéristiques de la propriété? Dans la démonstration, la clôture des champs et le remaniement des paysages sont une pratique historiquement continue exercée par le pouvoir, et constituée par deux éléments de base : un élément légal qui redéfinit les droits de propriété en réorganisant le système de possession, d'usage et d'accès aux parcelles ainsi que les relations socio-économiques correspondantes, et des éléments architecturaux qui viennent en complément à la légitimité de la propriété et qui remodèlent le paysage. Les grands propriétaires terriens britanniques et les Israéliens sionistes sont des groupes d'acteurs comparables qui utilisent le droit et l'environnement architectural comme des instruments pour affaiblir les liens qui fixent les groupes les plus faibles à la terre, en se substituant à ses propriétaires et gardiens légitimes et en changeant la vie dans ce cadre. L'article conclut en dévoilant comment l'enfermement des paysages est conforme aux objectifs des détenteurs modernes du pouvoir, que ce soit les propriétaires terriens anglais favorables au capitalisme aux Israéliens sionistes ardemment nationalistes.

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