Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 03 Mar 2011

Demographic Analysis of Automobile Accidents in Irbid, Jordan, Using GIS and GPS

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Page Range: 57 – 69
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.11.1-2.a44053658h380032
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Both geographic information systems (GIS) and global positioning systems (GPS) are becoming common techniques in transportation studies, including the study of traffic issues in recent years. The research documented here aims to apply these techniques to traffic accidents in the city of Irbid, located about 100 km north of Amman, Jordan. With the help of GPS, 415 accidents occurring between April 2007 and March 2008 were located. Three main attributes of traffic accidents in the study area were observed: age of people causing the accident, types of vehicles involved in the accident, and cause(s) of the accident. The study revealed that most people who caused accidents were between 38 and 47 years old; more than 56 % of the accidents involved private cars. The study also revealed that failure to fasten seatbelts, faulty brakes, and broken/malfunctioning front and rear lights were the most common causes of accidents. The research divided the accident sites into those with very low, low, medium, high, and very high density of accidents. Sites of high and very high densities were plotted on special maps and were studied in more depth. It was concluded that based on the use of both GIS and GPS in analyzing road accidents in Irbid, policy makers can employ these techniques to support their road-safety policy decisions.

Les Systèmes d'Information Géographique (SIG) et de Géo-Positionnement par Satellite (GPS) sont tous deux devenus ces dernières années des outils banals pour les études sur le transport et la circulation. La recherche présentée ici vise à appliquer ces techniques au cas des accidents de la route. Elle cherche à appliquer ces techniques aux accidents de la route dans la ville d'Irbid, située à environ 100 km au nord d'Amman, en Jordanie. Grâce au GPS, 415 accidents survenus entre avril 2007 et mars 2008 ont été localisés. Trois éléments principaux des accidents dans cette région ont été notés : l âge des personnes impliquées dans l accident, le type de véhicule, et les causes mêmes de l accident. L'étude montre que la plupart des personnes provoquant ces accidents étaient âgés entre 38 et 47 ans, et que plus de 56 % des accidents impliquaient des voitures privées. Cette étude montre aussi que le non/usage de la ceinture de sécurité, les freins défectueux et les feux avant et arrière cassés ou ne fonctionnant pas étaient les raisons les plus communes d accidents. Les lieux des accidents ont également été classés selon des densités très faibles, faibles, moyennes, hautes ou très haute. Les lieux à haute et très haute densité ont été consignés sur des cartes et analysés plus en détail. L'utilisation des SIG et du GPS pour l'analyse des accidents de la circulation à Irbid permet aux décideurs d'introduire ces techniques pour justifier les politiques de sécurité routière.

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