Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 03 Mar 2011

The Impact of Democracy on the Socio-economic Development of the Sudan

Page Range: 125 – 138
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.11.3.y11514603535m656
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The poor socio-economic performance of African countries has largely been related to a lack of democratic rule. The quest of the African nations for democratically elected governments that can lead to a prosperous life, prominent during the early nationalist movement of the 1960s, has faded away. Instead, a wave of authoritarian regimes has ravaged the continent since the early 1970s. Sudan has been especially affected by this phenomenon, followed by poor performance of the Sudanese economy, which depends largely on agricultural production, despite internal and external economic reforms. This article contributes to the ongoing debate over whether the democracy of free and fair elections can bring the expected socio-economic changes to developing countries. The case study of the Sudan demonstrates a successful experience with socio-economic development during the short period of democratic rule in the late 1960s. This situation is contrasted with low agricultural productivity, poor economic performance, an increase in poverty and a low standard of living during the preceding and following authoritarian regimes.

Les médiocres performances socioéconomiques des pays africains sont largement liées au manque de démocratie. La quête des nations africaines pour des gouvernements élus démocratiquement qui pourraient les conduire à plus de prospérité, qui a marqué le mouvement nationaliste du début des années soixante, s'est éteinte depuis. Au contraire, une vague de régimes autoritaires a dévasté le continent depuis le début des années soixante-dix. Le Soudan a été particulièrement affecté par ce phénomène, suivi d'une piètre performance de l'économie soudanaise qui dépend essentiellement de la production agricole, en dépit de nombreuses réformes économiques internes et externes. Cet article contribue à la polémique actuelle sur la possibilité que la démocratie et des élections libres et honnêtes puissent apporter les changements socioéconomiques espérés dans les pays en voie de développement. Cette étude de cas du Soudan montre une expérience réussie de développement socioéconomique pendant la courte période de gouvernement démocratique vers la fin des années soixante. Cette situation est comparée à la basse productivité agricole, les mauvaises performances économiques, la croissance de la pauvreté et la dégradation du niveau de vie pendant les régimes autoritaires précédant et suivant cette période.

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