Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
 | 
Online Publication Date: 24 Feb 2011

Fishing Villages: Resemblance to the Pre-colonial City Landscape at the Straits of Malacca in Peninsular Malaysia

Page Range: 93 – 107
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.13.2.02567244g400867u
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This paper describes a study of the traditional port-city landscape in Peninsular Malaysia. The study uses traditional fishing villages as the case studies because of their similar geographical locations and because those fishing villages that still exist in the present day bear the closest resemblance to traditional city patterns. These traditional cities, such as Malacca and Kota Johore Lama, at one time served as Malay port cities in the Malay Kingdoms before European colonization. The literature review offers a historical survey of the old cities and a study of the fishing villages. The study shows that the traditional cities and fishing villages have a compact settlement pattern with low-rise high-density housing units. A survey was conducted of the fishing village settlement patterns, consisting of site visits, interviews, and studies of aerial photos. The analysis finds that the settlement patterns show similar zoning divisions to those of the traditional port cities: vessel landing, workshop, and housing zones. The settlements are influenced by the existing topography. There are six types of settlement patterns in the western coastal region of Peninsular Malaysia: the inland water village, outward water village, parallel water village, water village, river-mouth water village, and combined water village. The existence of traditional fishing villages does not support the validity of arguments that traditional planning patterns are suited only to rural areas

Cet article repose sur l'étude du paysage traditionnel des villes portuaires de la péninsule malaise. Les villages de pêcheurs traditionnels constituent des études de cas grâce à leurs localisations géographiques comparables ; ils ressemblent en outre aux modèles urbains traditionnels. Ces villes portuaires traditionnelles, telles Malacca et Kota Johore Lama, étaient avant la colonisation européenne les ports des royaumes malais. Cette revue de la littérature présente une vue d'ensemble historique des vieilles villes portuaires et une étude sur les villages de pêcheurs. Cette étude montre que les villages de pêcheurs ont des formes d'implantation compactes avec un habitat bas et de forte densité : entre 18 et 24 unités par acre. Une enquête a été menée sur la morphologie des villages de pêcheurs, comprenant des visites sur le terrain, d'interviews et d'analyses de photographies aériennes. Les résultats montrent que ces formes d'implantation ressemblent à celles des cités portuaires traditionnelles: un débarcadère, des ateliers et des zones résidentielles. Ces implantations ont été influencées par la topographie locale. Six types d'implantations ont été identifiés dans la région côtière occidentale de la péninsule malaise: le village sur l'eau de l'intérieur, le village sur l'eau tourné vers l'extérieur, le village sur l'eau parallèle, le village sur l'eau, le village sur l'eau d'embouchure de fleuve et le village sur l'eau hybride. L'auteur conclut que les villages de pêcheurs contemporains constituent une référence des plus utiles pour analyser les implantations des villes portuaires traditionnelles.

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