Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 07 Nov 2011

Environmental (Degradation and Uncertain) Security: Reifying the Conditions for Social and Environmental Degradation in Uzbekistan

Page Range: 259 – 281
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.14.3.x64730312n715442
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The post–Cold War discourse of environmental security has rendered Uzbekistan a conflict-prone site where environmental degradation, the failure of regional democratic reforms, and the potential for Islamic extremism simmer. Following the declaration of "environmental security" as a geopolitical strategy, the United States increased activity in the region, purportedly aiming to promote environmental sustainability and democratic reform. Twenty years later, this landscape of environmental security in Central Asia has materialized in the form of strengthened (yet unstable) military infrastructure, the reinforcement of a brutal authoritarian regime (e.g., Islam Karimov in Uzbekistan), and, conversely, the continued degradation of regional environmental and social conditions. Articulated and enacted as a means of realizing short-term U.S. security goals in the region, environmental security has not achieved long-term environmental, social, and broadly conceived democratic reforms necessary for the advancement and freedom of the Uzbek people. Environmental security, in practice, has reified the conditions it was designed to prevent.

Le discours sur la sécurité environnementale de l'après-Guerre froide a fait de l'Ouzbékistan un pays où couvent des conflits alimentés par la dégradation environnementale, par l'échec des réformes démocratiques dans la région et par l'extrémisme islamiste. Suite à la promulgation de la « sécurité environnementale » comme stratégie géopolitique, les États-Unis ont augmenté leurs activités dans la région, prétendument pour promouvoir la protection environnementale durable et les réformes démocratiques. Vingt ans plus tard, la sécurité environnementale en Asie centrale s'est matérialisée sous la forme d'une infrastructure militaire renforcée mais instable, par la consolidation du régime autoritaire et cruel (dont celui d'Islam Karimov) ; à l'opposé, les conditions environnementales et sociales dans la région ont été en dégradation continuelle. La sécurité environnementale, formulée et promulguée comme un instrument pour réaliser les objectifs sécuritaires américains à court terme, n'a pas débouché sur les réformes environnementales, sociales et démocratiques nécessaires, dans le long terme, pour le progrès et la liberté du peuple ouzbek. Dans la pratique, la sécurité environnementale a contribué à la réification les conditions qu'elle était censée prévenir.

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