Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 25 Mar 2014

The Promise of the Aerotropolis Model in the United Arab Emirates: The Role of Spatial Proximity and Global Connectivity

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Page Range: 289 – 312
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.16.3.g61n13n43m1p365q
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This article investigates whether the region surrounding Dubai International Airport in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) replicates the theoretical postulations of the aerotropolis model developed by Kasarda. Kasarda has argued achieving an effective aerotropolis requires situating companies close to the airport based on their frequency of use in order to lower transactional costs. Based on self-administered questionnaires distributed to 306 cargo-related businesses, a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.56 (p = 0.000) suggests a positive and moderate association between a firm's travel time to Dubai airport and the frequency of its use of airport facilities. About 76 % of businesses surveyed were located within <30 minutes’ drive of Dubai Airport and reported shipping either daily or weekly through the airport. Such clusters of airport-oriented activities around the airport provide further insight into the detailed spatial organization of the aerotropolis urban form. Findings suggest that two different forms of aerotropolis have emerged in the UAE: Abu Dhabi and Dubai Airports appear to have had a more conventional urban evolution, while Al Maktoum Airport has been explicitly developed based on an “ideally planned” aerotropolis vision in a largely peripheral setting to accommodate the Dubai World Central megaproject.

Cet article cherche à savoir si la région entourant l’aéroport international de Dubaï dans les Émirats Arabes Unis (EAU) reproduit les postulats théoriques du modèle des aérotropolis développé par Kasarda. Kasarda a soutenu qu’une aérotropolis efficace exige de placer les entreprises à proximité d’un aéroport en fonction de leur fréquence d’utilisation pour limiter les coûts de transaction. Sur la base de questionnaires auto-administrés distribués à 306 entreprises du secteur du fret, un coefficient de corrélation de Spearman de 0,56 ( p = 0,000 ) suggère un lien positif et modéré entre le temps mis pour atteindre l’aéroport de Dubaï et la fréquence d’utilisation des installations aéroportuaires. Environ 76% des entreprises interrogées sont situées à moins de 30 minutes de l’aéroport de Dubaï et l’utilisent pour des mouvements de biens quotidiens et hebdomadaires. Ces clusters d’entreprises situées autour de l’aéroport et liées au transport aérien, apportent un éclairage complémentaire sur l’organisation spatiale détaillée de la forme urbaine des aérotropolis. Les résultats suggèrent que deux formes différentes d’aérotropolis ont émergé dans les Émirats Arabes Unis : les aéroports d’Abou Dhabi et de Dubaï semblent avoir eu une évolution urbaine plus classique, alors que l’aéroport Al Maktoum a été explicitement développé à partir d’une aérotropolis « idéale », dans un cadre périphérique afin d’accueillir le mégaprojet de Dubai World Central.

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