Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 24 Feb 2011

Exclusive Governance and Urban Development in Egypt

Page Range: 249 – 260
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.3.4.0g4m0h5316405523
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Unlike physical and economic considerations, social relationships on the local, national, and global levels receive insufficient attention in studies of urban development. This paper suggests that the concept of governance, with its emphasis on social and power relationships among stakeholders, can contribute to urban development by unpacking these multi-layered social relationships. The paper argues that an understanding of urban development must include a study of the relational aspects of governance articulated within and among the macro level, the intermediate level, and the micro level. Ideas of responsibility and authority fill an important gap in understanding the relational aspects of governance, which in turn is an important concept for understanding urban development. In this study, the concept of governance is used to understand the relationship among stakeholders in an urban development project. The paper draws on narratives by individuals, on development project examples, and on examples from NGOs in Egypt to make the point that individual actors and diverse institutions actively shape urban development through their engagement in a relational balancing act. The exclusivity and hierarchy that are common to governance in Egypt are regularly challenged, directly and indirectly, by NGOs and individuals inspired by a desire for inclusive governance. For NGOs, the task is to challenge prevalent practices of social and political exclusion while meeting individual and community needs. The paper shows that NGOs and individuals are part of the governance landscape in urban development and that, especially in an urban context, the concept of governance renews the hope for social equality, with its subtext of non-exclusive social and political relationships.

Contrairement aux considérations physiques et économiques, les relations sociales au niveau local, national et mondial reçoivent insuffisamment d'attention dans le cadre d'études de développement urbain. Cet article suggère que le concept de gouvernance, en mettant l'accent sur les relations sociales et les relations de pouvoir entre les parties intéressées, puisse contribuer au développement urbain en révélant ces relations sociales à plusieurs couches. Cet article affirme qu'une compréhension du développement urbain doit inclure une étude des aspects relationnels de gouvernance articulés aux niveaux macro, intermédiaire et micro, et entre ces niveaux. Les idées de responsabilité et d'autorité remplissent une lacune importante dans notre compréhension des aspects relationnels de la gouvernance, qui sont à leur tour importants pour comprendre le développement urbain. Dans cette étude, le concept de gouvernance est utilisé pour comprendre les relations entre les parties intéressées dans un projet de développement urbain. Cet article est basé sur les récits d'individus concernant des exemples de projets de développement et des exemples d'organisations nongouvernementales en Egypte, pour démontrer que les acteurs individuels et les diverses institutions forment activement le développement urbain par leur engagement dans un numéro d'équilibre relationnel. L'exclusivité et la hiérarchie, communes en Egypte, sont régulièrement défiées directement ou indirectement par des organisations non-gouvernementales et des individus inspirés par le désir d'une gouvernance inclusive. Pour les ONG, leur mission est de défier les pratiques dominantes d'exclusion sociale et politique tout en répondant aux besoins individuels et collectifs. Cet article montre que les ONG et les individus font parties du paysage de gouvernance du développement urbain et que le concept de gouvernance, en particulier dans un contexte urbain, renouvelle l'espérance d'égalité sociale et de relations sociales et politiques non-exclusives.

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