Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 24 Feb 2011

The Agroclimatic Suitability of Growing Dates, Bananas, and Grapes in Egypt Using GIS

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Page Range: 133 – 142
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.4.2.70837148ur038685
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In recent years Egypt has experienced a significant increase in fruit tree planting. During the period 1968 to 1991 185 560 ha of land were planted with fruit trees (an increase of 334.95%). Unfortunately this increase did not take into account the agroclimatic suitability of fruit types in general and of date trees, grape vines, and banana trees in particular. Based on the criteria for agroclimatic suitability introduced by the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture (Ministry of Agriculture 1995), the results of the research reported in this paper show that only 35% of date trees, 72% of grape vines, and 37% of banana trees were planted in agroclimatically suitable zones. This can be explained by a lack of knowledge about the suitability of agroclimatic zones for each type of tree. Microclimatic factors play a very important role in the production of the various types and species of fruits, as is the case for types of grapes and bananas, as for moist, semi-dry, and dry date tree species. These fruits require a wide range of agroclimatic zones and agroclimatic zones have had significant impact on fruit production in the Nile Delta of Egypt

Durant ces dernières années, l'Égypte a connu une augmentation considérable de l'arboriculture fruitière. Entre 1968 et 1991, 185 560 ha d'arbres fruitiers ont été plantés, soit une augmentation de 334.95 %. Malheureusement, cette augmentation ne reflète pas l'utilisation maximale de l'aptitude agroclimatique du pays pour l'ensemble des arbres fruitiers en général, et pour les palmiers dattiers, la vigne et les bananiers en particulier. S'appuyant sur les critères agroclimatiques proposés par le ministère de l'Agriculture égyptien (Ministry of Agriculture 1995), les résultats de notre recherche montrent que seuls 35 % des palmiers dattiers, 72 % de la vigne et 37 % des bananiers étaient plantés dans des zones agroclimatiques appropriées. Ceci peut s'expliquer par le manque de connaissances sur l'aptitude agroclimatique de chaque type d'arbre. Les facteurs micro-climatiques jouent un rôle très important dans la production de divers types et espèces d'arbres fruitiers, comme dans le cas des différents types de palmier dattier, de vigne, de bananier et les espèces de palmier humide, semi-sec et sec. Ces arbres fruitiers représentent la vaste gamme de zones agroclimatiques et reflètent leur impact considérable sur la production de fruits dans le delta du Nil en Égypte.

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