Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 24 Feb 2011

Ethnic Fragmentation in South Asia

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Page Range: 53 – 70
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.5.1.1v5g14271266t638
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Ethnoregional conflicts have become a dominant form of warfare in South Asia in recent decades, adding complexity to the region's already volatile mixture of sectarian violence and international disputes. These conflicts, through their geographic expressions, result in ethnic fragmentation zones, marked by contentious relations among ethnic groups, and between ethnic groups and the State, often resulting in massive violence. This paper examines the formation of ethnic fragmentation zones in South Asia and examines the diagnostic factors that identify the major ethnonational movements in South Asia. The objectives are to explicate the history of ethnic tensions that give rise to conflict, to measure the potential for continued or accelerated conflict, and to show how conflict zones threaten to redraw the geopolitical map of the region. As a strategic region, South Asia is best understood not solely in terms of relations between countries, but of territorial aspirations among its diverse peoples.

Au cours de dernières décennies, les conflits ethno-régionaux sont devenus une forme dominante de guerre en Asie méridionale, contribuant ainsi à la complexité des violences sectaires et des litiges internationaux dans la région. Ces conflits, de par leurs expressions géographiques, produisent des zones de fragmentation ethniques, marquées par des relations conflictuelles entre groupes ethniques d'une part, et entre groupes ethniques et l'État d'autre part, évoluant souvent vers des formes de violence à grande échelle. Cet article examine à la fois la formation de zones de fragmentation ethnique en Asie méridionale et les variables utilisées pour identifier les mouvements ethno-nationaux les plus importants. L'objectif est de d'éclairer l'histoire des tensions interethniques qui débouchent sur des conflits, de mesurer les potentialités pour la continuation ou l'accélération des conflits et de montrer comment les zones de conflit menacent, à terme, de redessiner la carte géopolitique de la région. Comme région stratégique, l'Asie méridionale doit être comprise non seulement en termes de relations entre États, mais aussi en tenant compte des aspirations territoriales des divers peuples qui la composent.

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