Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 11 Mar 2011

Military Occupation as Urbicide by "Construction and Destruction": The Case of Nablus, Palestine

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Page Range: 126 – 154
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.9.2.7751x14jn2051nv2
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Wars, and all other forms of political violence, have a strong impact upon a city's physical and spatial structure, as well as on the human experience of place. This article seeks to sketch patterns of "urbicide"—the destruction of Palestinian cities, institutions, and symbols of identity—as a product of the ongoing processes of Israeli military operations and invasions of the Palestinian territories since the outbreak of the Al-Aqsa intifada in 2000. The article addresses the notion of urbicide in armed conflict. It also analyzes urbicide as an event in itself, with three distinct stages: from an initial "process" on to "action," finally creating, in stage 3, the "effect" of urbicide. Investigation of the three stages will not only explore the impacts of destruction on the city's physical fabric but also deal with the consequences of urbicide on residents' collective memory and their urban experience of the event. An attempt is also made to illustrate how the urbicide process manifests itself both as design by construction and as design by destruction. These stages will be investigated by mapping and documenting the mechanisms and patterns of damage inflicted on the historic centre of Nablus in Palestine as a representative case study.

Les guerres, ainsi que toutes les autres formes de violence politique, ont une influence considérable sur la structure physique et spatiale des villes, ainsi que sur la pratique des lieux. Ce travail vise à identifier des modèles de destruction de villes (« urbicide »), d'institutions et de symboles identitaires palestiniens, suite aux opérations militaires israéliennes dans les Territoires palestiniens depuis l'intifada Al Aqsa en 2000. Ce travail examine la notion d'urbicide dans les conflits armés; il l'examine également en tant qu'événement en soi. Trois étapes peuvent être identifiées: d'un processus à une action, et enfin aux effets mêmes de l'urbicide. L'étude des trois étapes permettra d'explorer non seulement les impacts des destructions sur la trame physique des villes, mais également les conséquences de l'urbicide sur la mémoire collective des résidents et leur vécu de l'événement. Nous tenterons d'illustrer comment le processus d'urbicide se manifeste à la fois comme un projet de construction et de destruction. Les étapes seront analysées grâce à une cartographie et une documentation des mécanismes et des trames de destruction dans le cas du centre historique de Naplouse en Palestine.

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