Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 14 Mar 2011

The Spiritual Utopia of Islamic Historical Determinism

Page Range: 155 – 167
DOI: 10.5555/arwg.9.3.365871185204n24r
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This article argues that Islam has built-in components, such as the saliency of the Day of Recompense, that predispose it to develop an apocalyptic worldview. It further advocates that the survival of Islamic religious thought and heritage has obstructed the development of a modern societal outlook based on mass enfranchisement and the accountability of the ruling elite. A combination of factors, including the oil boom of the 1970s and the presence of a large Arab workforce in Saudi Arabia, coalesced to invoke austere Wahhabi religious tenets among many Muslim expatriates who, upon returning to their countries of origin, founded or enlisted in militant organizations bent on apocalyptic thinking. Belief in the inner superiority of the Islamic religion and its quality of redemption for mankind has driven certain religious zealots to take up arms against their national governments, the state of Israel, and, lately, U.S. troops in Iraq in the hope that their version of religious purity and righteousness will shape the final world order.

Cet article propose que l'islam possède des composantes intrinsèques, telle l'importance du Jour de la résurrection, qui sous-tendent sa propension à développer des conceptions apocalyptiques du monde. Il soutient ensuite que la survie de la pensée religieuse islamique et de ses traditions a entravé le développement d'une vision sociale moderne ancrée dans l'émancipation des masses et la responsabilité des élites au pouvoir. Une combinaison de facteurs – dont le boom pétrolier des années soixante-dix et la présence d'une nombreuse main-d'œuvre arabe en Arabie Saoudite – ont convergé pour rendre des dogmes wahhabites rigides attrayants auprès de nombreux expatriés musulmans. Retournant dans leur pays d'origine, ils ont fondé ou rejoint des organisations militantes acquises à la pensée apocalyptique. La conviction en la supériorité intrinsèque de la religion islamique et de ses qualités de rédemption pour l'humanité a poussé certains fanatiques religieux à s'opposer à leurs propres gouvernements nationaux, à l'État d'Israël et récemment aux troupes américaines en Irak, dans l'espoir que leur version de pureté et d'intégrité religieuse façonnera l'ordre mondial final.

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